Características psicológicas, sociales y ginecológicas de pacientes con perdida gestacional y aborto atendidas en el Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal (2022): Un estudio descriptivo

Abstract

Objective. To determine the characteristics of antibiotic prescriptions in pregnant women attended at the National Maternal Perinatal Institute (INMP) from July 2019 to June 2021. Materials and Methods. This is a quantitative, descriptive,
retrospective, cross-sectional study. A data collection form was applied to gather variables related to antibiotic prescriptions, and the data were entered into a Microsoft Excel database for analysis using SPSS software. Results. The study
evaluated antibiotic prescriptions in 328 pregnant women, accounting for 10.87% of the total population. The majority (65%) were prescribed a single antibiotic. Urinary tract infections (37.80%) and preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis
(54.27%) were the main reasons for prescriptions. Beta-lactams were the most prescribed group (84.14%), followed by
lincosamides (14.93%). Most prescriptions were made in the third trimester (82.1%), with Cefazolin 1g and Cephalexin
500 mg being the most prescribed. Lower prescription rates were observed in the second and first trimesters, with Ceftriaxone 2g and Cefuroxime being the most used, respectively. The majority of the prescribed antibiotics fell into FDA
category B (93.3%), with a minority in category D (6.7%). Conclusion. 10.87% of the pregnant women attended at the
INMP were prescribed antibiotics, with urinary tract infections and preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis being the most
common indications. The beta-lactam group of antibiotics was the most prescribed, significantly predominating over other
groups like lincosamides