Factores de riesgo en el parto pretérmino de gestantes adolescentes en un hospital de Junín

Abstract

Objective. To determine the sociodemographic, obstetric, and pathological risk factors in preterm delivery of adolescent pregnant women in a hospital in the Junin region, Peru. Materials and Methods. Clinical records of 67 pregnant women and 134 controls between 10 and 19 years of age with a diagnosis of preterm delivery attended from January to December 2022 were reviewed. Bivariate and multiple logistic regression analysis was performed, as well as chi-square analysis with a significance of 0.05. Results. A positive, direct (OR>1) and significant (p<0.05) relationship was determined with the occurrence of preterm birth for the risk variables and multiple regression: Age 10-14 years (OR: 17.162; 95%CI: 1.665 - 176.925; reference "15-19 years"), housewife occupation (OR: 6.056; 95%CI: 2.699 - 13.587; reference "other occupations"), number of Pre-Natal Birth Controls (PNC) less than 6 (OR: 10.476; 95%CI: 4.279 - 25.648; reference "Equal or more than 6"), anemia (OR: 2.761; 95%CI: 1.080 - 7.060; reference "no"); urinary tract infection (OR: 2.754; 95%CI: 1.041 - 7.284; reference "no") and pre-eclampsia (OR: 5.751; 95%CI: 1.697 - 19.487; reference "no"). Conclusion. Early identification of risk factors and attention to pre-existing medical conditions in adolescents can help establish effective preventive measures and management strategies that improve delivery care and birth conditions for mothers and newborns.