Características métricas del paladar de neonatos nacidos a término y pre-término en el Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal

Abstract

Objective: To determine the metric characteristics of the palate in neonates born at terms at the National Perinatal Maternal Institute (INMP).  Materials and methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at INMP in the city of Lima – Peru by uncier non-probabilistic for convenience in 60 neonates; divided into two groups: 30 neonates born to terms and 30 neonates born pre-terms. The palate recording was made prints with silicone and individualized acrylic buckets, obtaining study models with Orthodontic plaster; these models were taken to Espiralcorte Tomography, to perform longitudinal, transverse and depth measurements in axial and sagittal views.  Results: In pre-term neonates the half width of the palate was 26.4 mm, while in full-term neonates it was 29.5 mm. The mean the palate of pre-term neonates is 6.95 mm and in term neonates is 7.87mm. The palatal index in pre-term neonates is equal to 0.26 mm and in term neonates is 0.27 mm. The Palatal index has no significant differences in neonate terms a and pre-pre-(p-0,785). Conclusions: The basis of the palate in pre-terms neonates is lower than in full-term neonates. Term neonates have a wider and longer palate than pre-term neonates. The palatal index is the same in term and preterm neonates and is not affected by gender and gestational age.