Prevalencia de Factores de Riesgo Materno Perinatal que Influyen en Asfixia Perinatal Intraparto en Parturientas Atendidas en Centro Obstetrico en el INMP periodo 2011

Abstract

Objectives. Identify the prevalence of maternal risk factors and perinatal that influence the perinatal asphyxia intrapartum. Materials and methods. A descriptive study, cross-sectional, observational. We selected 81 case histories of mothers whose infants were diagnosed as perinatal asphyxia in the National Maternal and Perinatal Institute during the period 2011. Results. During the study period were newly 15176 live births of which 2,5 % had Apgar score < 3 to 5 minutes. While that of the 81 cases surveyed 32% (26 cases) had no prenatal care. Within the maternal risk factors anemia were found in the 17,77 % (8 cases), trekker in 13,33 % (6 cases), preeclampsia in 8,88 % (4 cases) and diabetes mellitus in 6,66 % (3 cases). The 28,4 % of parturients ( 23 cases) had a history of premature rupture of membranes, the 19,8 % (16 cases) prolonged labor, the 28,4 % (23 cases) presence of meconium and 37,77 % (17 cases) circular bead. Among the risk factors of the newborn is 53,1 % (43 cases) were presented to the Apgar score < 3 minute of which subsequently only a 37,1 %( 30 cases) presented Apgar score <3 to 5 minutes. Also, the 51,9 % (42 cases) submitted birth weight within normal limits, however, the 11.1 % (9 cases) with a low birth weight 6,2 % (5 cases) have very low birth weight and 30,9 % (25 cases) were extremely low birth weight . The majority of vaginal deliveries 47,1 % (41 cases) were cared for by the professional obstetrician, followed, in 39,1 % (34 cases) by the Resident Physician. Conclusions. These data suggest that the predominant risk factors are aged mother without prenatal care, presence of meconium, circular cord and low weight at birth.